Media terminology

·         Mainstream Film/Mainstream Cinema – a term used to refer to the current majority or most popular (blockbusters) / a cinema that screens films that are mostly produced by the big six or that are of the most popular genres (action, adventure and comedy).

·         Independent Film/Independent Cinema – a feature film that is produced outside of a major film studio (low budget with a message) / a cinema that screens mainly independent films instead of blockbusters.

·         Production - The process can apply to any type of media production including film, video, television and audio recording.

·         Distribution – when a film company helps to share another companies film, mainly independent films.

·         Marketing - the action or business of promoting and selling products or services, including market research and advertising.

·         Exchange – the way in which an audience can view a film, what devices?

·         Multinational Conglomerate­ - is the combination of two or more corporations engaged in entirely different businesses that fall under one corporate group, usually involving a parent company and many subsidiaries. This is on a large scale and across multinational companies.

·         Monopoly - the exclusive possession or control of the supply of or trade in a commodity or service.

·         Oligopoly - a state of limited competition, in which a market is shared by a small number of producers or sellers.

·         Big Six – 20^th Century Fox, Paramount, Universal, Warner Bros, Sony, Disney

·         Horizontal Integration (cross media ownership) - is the ownership of multiple media businesses by a person or corporation. These businesses can include broadcast and cable television, film, radio.

·         Vertical Integration - the combination in one firm of two or more stages of production normally operated by separate firms.

·         Synergy - the interaction or cooperation of two or more organizations.

·         Merchandising - the activity of promoting the sale of goods, especially by their presentation in retail outlets.

·         Ultra Violet - situated beyond the visible spectrum at its violet end.

·         Above The Line – the portion of a films budget that covers the costs.

·         Below The Line – the portion in which the budget doesn’t cover (e.g. actors advertising).

·         Technological Convergence/Cross Media Convergence - different technological system sometimes evolve toward performing similar tasks/ refers to companies coming together vertically or horizontally

·         Consumption - the action of using up a resource.

·         Exhibition – the way in which a film is shown (e.g. IMAX)

·         Piracy - the unauthorized use or reproduction of another's work.

·         Hollywood Franchise 4S Model – Synergy, Spectacle, Sequelisation, Story

·         Tie- in